In this work, we present Solar Feature Tracking, a novel feature-tracking tool developed in Python and designed to detect, identify, and track magnetic elements in the solar atmosphere. It relies on a watershed segmentation algorithm to effectively detect magnetic clumps within magnetograms, which are then associated across successive frames to follow the motion of magnetic structures in the photosphere.
We present a sample of 1956 individual stellar clumps at redshift $0.7lt zlt 10$, detected with JWST/NIRCam in 476 galaxies lensed by the galaxy cluster Abell2744. The lensed clumps present magnifications ranging between $mu$ = 1.8 and $mu$ = 300. We perform simultaneous size-photometry estimates in 20 JWST/NIRCam median and broad-band filters from 0.7 to 5 $mu$m. Spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting analyses enable us to recover the physical properties of the clumps.
Field‐aligned currents (FACs) are an important link connecting the magnetosphere and ionosphere, closely related to phenomena such as particle upflowing, precipitations, and auroras. Based on long‐term observations from FY‐3E and Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment satellites, we statistically analyzed the density distribution and intensity variations of FAC during different substorm activities.
Abstract Space-borne remote sensing of atmospheric chemical constituents is crucial for monitoring and better understanding global and regional air quality. Since the 1990s, the continuous development of instruments onboard low-Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites has led to major advances in air quality research by providing daily global measurements of atmospheric chemical species.
Context. The one-dimensional treatment of turbulent convection had large successes until the early 2000s. However, the recent abundance and precision of observational data shows that this problem is far from solved. Even so, ongoing theoretical debates about proper one-equation-based treatment of convection and new results show that it has various other theoretical difficulties as well. A more modern approach should be developed by using multidimensional models. Aims.
Recent high-cadence flare campaigns by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) have offered new opportunities to study rapid processes characteristic of flare energy release, transport, and deposition. Here, we examine high-cadence chromospheric and transition region spectra acquired by IRIS during a C-class flare from 2022 September 25.
We present a radiation-magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD) simulation of a magnetic cancellation event. The model is calculated with the Bifrost code and spans from the uppermost convection zone to the corona. The cancellation occurs between the positive polarity of an emerged magnetic bipole and a preexisting negative polarity.
Mars Express has opened a new chapter in the exploration of Phobos, thanks to its elliptical orbit that allows for regular flybys, sometimes as close as 50 km. Initially designed for studying Mars’ surface and atmosphere, its instruments have provided a wealth of data, including precise geophysical bulk parameters, insights into Phobos’ interior, high-resolution images, remote sensing data of its surface, and observations of interactions between Phobos and the space environment.
During the March equinox of 2023, a strong easterly wind of ∼80 m s−1 appeared at an altitude of ∼82 km in the equatorial upper mesosphere, which is regarded as an enhancement of the mesopause semi‐annual oscillation. In this study, a new reanalysis data available up to 110 km was used to investigate its momentum budget.
To model the temperature evolution of optically thin astrophysical environments at MHD scales, radiative and collisional cooling rates are typically either pretabulated or fit into a functional form and then input into MHD codes as a radiative loss function. Thermal balance requires estimates of the analogous heating rates, which are harder to calculate, and due to uncertainties in the underlying dissipative heating processes these rates are often simply parameterized.