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Precursory effects from the ground observations:

ULF emission : Fraser-Smith et al., 1991; Molchanov et al, 1992;

Kopytenko et al., 1993; Hayakawa et al., 1996

Gas exhalation and water table effects : Wakita et al. , 1992,1996;

King, 1996; Biagi et al. , 1996

Seismo-Acoustic emission : Nikolaev et al., 1993, Morgounov

et al. , 1994; Gorbatikov et al., 2002

Loading-Unloading laboratory experiments showed appearance

of microfracturing under stress accumulation (consolidation)

There were appeared several theories of the effects observed on

the ground due to :

• Water diffusion under stress accumulation (Fenoglio et al. 1994)

• Development of microfracturing ensemble (Molchanov and

Hayakawa, 1995)

- Magneto-induction effect (Surkov et al, 1996, 1999)

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