Listed are all scientific papers resulting from an ISSI activity written or co-authored by ISSI Team members, Working Group members, Workshop participants, visitors or staff members.
Recent studies at high redshift have revealed an enigmatic class of little red dots (LRDs) with extreme Balmer breaks, stronger than in any stellar atmosphere. However, it is unclear whether such objects exist at lower redshift, especially given the low number of LRDs reported at z ≲ 2.
The connection between turbulence and solar‐wind acceleration, long known in space physics, is further developed in this study by establishing a robust empirical law that relates the bulk‐flow speed to the magnetohydrodynamic‐scale fluctuation energy in the plasma. The model is based on analysis of 25 years of near‐Earth observations by NASA’s Advanced Composition Explorer.
We report on NICER and MAXI observations of a long-duration thermonuclear X-ray burst and a subsequent outburst-like X-ray flare from the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary MAXI J0911–655. Prior to the burst, the source was in a persistent low/hard state with a power-law-dominated spectrum (Γ ∼ 1.7) and a mass accretion rate of ∼1% of the Eddington limit. The long burst, detected by MAXI on 2020 May 22 (MJD 58991.7101), was rapidly followed up by NICER.
We present the application of the data-driven branch of the MURaM code to the extensively studied flare-productive Active Region 11158. We refine the hybrid model strategy—which has been described in the earlier papers of this series—to model the emergence of the active region during 4 solar days, starting shortly before 2011 February 11 until the eruption of an X2.2 flare on 2011 February 15.
One of the central goals of astrobiology is to test the hypothesis that extraterrestrial life exists. In practice, this means seeking imperfect proxies for life, or ‘biosignatures’. Experience shows that ambiguous and contestable results are common in this field. Many astrobiologists are highly attuned to the possibility of ‘false positive’ results that incorrectly indicate the discovery of life. But what if we fail to detect life that is (or was) actually present?
Since its launch in 2010, the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has provided continuous, high-cadence, multi-wavelength observations of the Sun, capturing thousands of solar flares and offering new insights into coronal dynamics. Among the discoveries enabled by SDO is the EUV late-phase (ELP), characterised by a secondary enhancement in warm coronal emission occurring tens of minutes after the main flare.
Planetary magnetosheaths are plasma regions between the solar wind and planetary magnetospheres where temperature anisotropies act as a source of free energy driving plasma instabilities. While these instabilities have been extensively studied at Earth, their properties at Mercury remain poorly investigated.
Magnetohydrodynamic waves redistribute energy in magnetic structures of the lower solar atmosphere, yet constraints on how wave power and dominant frequencies are organized above sunspots remain limited, because most studies use only a few well-separated diagnostics. Here, we present multiline wave signatures in a sunspot from near-ultraviolet (near-UV) spectroscopy with the Sunrise-iii UV Spectropolarimeter and Imager (SUSI).
Iron is the most widely used metal in industry and technological development and is also naturally abundant on planetary surfaces. On the Moon, nanophase iron has been identified within grains of the lunar regolith. Iron surfaces are chemically reactive and readily oxidize when exposed to oxygen.
The formation of a collisionless shock is the result of a balance between nonlinear steepening and processes that counteract this steepening. Dispersive shocks are shocks in which dispersive processes counterbalance the front steepening and are formed when the dispersive spatial scale exceeds scales associated with resistive processes. Oblique dispersive shocks are characterized by a phase standing wave precursor adjacent to the magnetic ramp.
