Listed are all scientific papers resulting from an ISSI activity written or co-authored by ISSI Team members, Working Group members, Workshop participants, visitors or staff members.
The subauroral region, located equatorward of the auroral oval, is a highly dynamic and complex interface between the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. While traditionally associated with stable optical structures such as stable auroral red arcs, recent observations have revealed a wide range of transient and extreme phenomena—such as subauroral ion drifts and strong thermal emission velocity enhancement—which highlight the region’s variability and intense coupling.
Blue large-amplitude pulsators (BLAPs) are a recently discovered group of hot pulsating stars whose evolutionary status remains uncertain. Their proposed progenitors are either ≃0.3M⊙ shell H-burning stars or ≃1.0M⊙ core He-burning stars, both relying on mass loss or a merger event in a (rarely observed) close interacting binary system.
Angelo Secchi, a pioneer in solar physics, provided an extensive and regular record of sunspot observations spanning the period 1858–1878. This study analyzes the handwritten records by Secchi and collaborators in the form of drawings and an observation diary. We focus on the systematic annotations of group and spot counts, and sunspot area measurements.
Active small bodies in extrasolar systems, the extrasolar analogues of Solar System comets, provide insights into the orbital evolution and physical processes shaping planetary systems. Since the discovery of exocomets around β Pictoris, these small, icy bodies have shown the potential to become key probes for understanding planetary formation and migration.
Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and James Webb Space Telescope detected emission lines from the interstellar medium of star-forming galaxies during the epoch of reionization, reaching redshifts up to $z=14$. Among these, $rm{[O,{small III}]}$ lines offer a powerful diagnostic of metal enrichment, gas ionization, and the impact of stellar feedback in galaxies at $zgt 6$.
The valley region ionosphere spans from approximately 120–200 km in altitude, and hosts a wide range of plasma, neutral, and solar interactions that create and maintain the ionosphere. In this region a ubiquitous and mysterious source of radar echoes called “150‐km echoes” has been observed since the 1960s. Recent work has shown these echoes are the result of solar EUV lines creating a bump‐on‐tail photoelectron distribution, which is unstable to upper hybrid waves.
The Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability (KHI) mediates the viscous‐like solar‐terrestrial interaction by generating magnetopause surface waves that quickly become non‐linear. Basic theory predicts the locally most‐unstable linear wave dominates. However, Kelvin‐Helmholtz is a broad, convective instability that also amplifies waves originating upstream. We address this conundrum by applying dynamic mode decomposition to a Gorgon global magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the KHI.
Coagulation of dust particles in protoplanetary disks is the first step on the journey to the formation of planets. The surface free energy (SFE) of the dust particles determines the effectiveness of particles sticking to each other after collision, as well as the critical collision velocity above which fragmentation will occur. Studies of SFE have focused on the simplest silicate, silica, usually at standard temperature and pressure.
Over the past decades, numerous observations and model studies have provided substantial evidence that energetic particle precipitation (EPP) affects the chemistry and dynamics of the stratosphere. Concurrently, the significance of stratospheric dynamics, particularly in winter short-range and seasonal forecasts, has been highlighted. However, there has been little effort to integrate the knowledge from these two research fields.
Magnetic holes (MHs) are localized depressions in the magnetic field commonly observed in space plasmas such as the solar wind, planetary magnetosheaths, and cometary environments. Despite the abundance of spacecraft observations, the mechanisms governing the generation of these structures are not fully understood.
